European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background This study was conducted to determine the serum magnesium concentration in people with diabetes mellitus and evaluate as to how it relates to both micro and macrovascular problems. Methods After receiving approval from the institutional ethics committee and signed informed consent from study participants, a hospital-based prospective study was carried out among 100 consecutive patients with a documented history of diabetes mellitus who were admitted to the General Medical Ward of Kilpauk medical College hospital between November 2021 and June 2023. Results The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was higher in older patients. For age distribution and magnesium levels, the chi-square test of the relationship was significant (x2 = 16.11, p = .001). Hypomagnesemia was 100% prevalent in neuropathy patients. The correlation was significant according to the chi-square test (x2 = 6.25, p = 0.12). By using the chi-square test for statistical analysis, it was discovered that there was a substantial (p = 0.001) correlation between hypomagnesemia and retinal degeneration in patients with diabetes. The statistical significance of the relationship between hypomagnesemia and nephropathy in diabetic patients was determined by a p-value of 0.001. With a 'p' value of 0.019, the relationship between hypomagnesemia and IHD in diabetic patients was shown to be statistically significant. Conclusion Patients with hypomagnesemia were more likely to experience side effects, including nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Compared to patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (62.9%), those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy have a prevalence of hypomagnesemia of 83.3%. Individuals with macroalbuminuria had a 100% frequency of hypomagnesemia, compared to 80% for individuals with microalbuminuria.