European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: This study embarked on a critical analysis of the morphological and biochemical characteristics of the gall bladder in individuals diagnosed with gallstones, aiming to extend the understanding of gallstone pathogenesis.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Dr. B. S. Kushwah Institute of Medical Sciences, where participants were recruited to undergo detailed analyses, including histopathological examinations, biochemical analysis of bile, microbial analysis, and imaging analysis.

Results: The study identified a significant presence of cholesterol gallstones (70%) in the population, with a high incidence of gallbladder inflammation (75%) and chronic cholecystitis (70%). The biochemical analysis revealed elevated levels of cholesterol (mean 5.2 mmol/L) and bilirubin (mean 17.3 µmol/L) in the bile. Furthermore, a notable presence of Firmicutes (90%) and Bacteroidetes (75%) was observed in the microbial analysis, indicating a potential correlation with gallstone formation.

Conclusion: Our study underscores the chronic nature of gallstone disease, highlighting the role of bile composition and microbiota diversity in its pathogenesis. The findings present avenues for future research, potentially focusing on preventive strategies based on bile composition alterations and microbial diversity.