European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disorder that causes decreased bone strength and is the leading cause of bone fracture, particularly in the elderly. There is no synthesis of evidence to inform policy regarding its prevalence and distribution in India. As a result, the goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate and summarise the prevalence of osteoporosis among Indian adults. The PRISMA criteria were used to conduct the systematic review and meta-analysis. A thorough systematic search was conducted in the following electronic databases until May 23, 2022: Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and ProQuest. Following screening, twelve eligible studies were included in the study, which reported the prevalence of osteoporosis among adults aged 18 years, as well as for subsequent methodological quality assessment and data extraction using predefined standardised tools. To generate summary estimates for prevalence with 95 percent confidence intervals, random and fixed effects meta-analysis models were used. Data from 5261 study participants were used in the included studies. In India, the prevalence of osteoporosis is 22.9 percent (95 percent CI: 14.9-32.0 percent), and that of osteopenia is 44.8 percent (95 percent CI: 38.9-50.7 percent ). Females had a significantly higher prevalence of osteoporosis (26.3 percent (95 percent CI: 16.9-37.0 percent) than males (10.9 percent) (95 percent CI: 4.5-19.7). A robust and comprehensive prevalence estimate will aid in health policy decision-making and will aid in the planning and provision of necessary facilities for people suffering from osteoporosis. This is the first study to compile data on the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in India. Improved access to health services, other health systems, and policy research are required to initiate and increase the uptake of osteoporosis screening and treatment in India